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Volume 6, Number 5

Surgical Management of Erectile Dysfunction

Teaser: 

Justin J. Badal, MD,1 Genevieve Sweet, MD, 2Shelley Godley, MD,3Stanley A. Yap, MD,4Dana Nanigian, MD, 5

1Department of Urology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California.
2Department of Urology, Sutter Medical Group, Roseville, California.
3Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Northern California Health Care System, Sacramento, California.
4Department of Urology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California and Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Northern California Health Care System, Sacramento, California.
5Chief of Urology, Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Northern California Health Care System, Sacramento, California.

CLINICAL TOOLS

Abstract: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most common sexual disorders affecting men. Discussion regarding erectile function, diagnosis, and management of the disease typically begins at the primary care level. A broad understanding of the basic causative factors and initial treatment regimens gives primary care physicians the ability to treat ED. An enhanced understanding of surgical options allows for referrals to be made to urologists for advanced surgical treatment of ED in patients who have failed medical therapies. Initial diagnosis and continued workup can be performed prior to consultation with a surgical specialist. Detailed here are different causes of ED as well as their respective studies to enhance initial surgical evaluation.
Key Words:erectile dysfunction, diagnosis, management, treatment.

Members of the College of Family Physicians of Canada may claim MAINPRO-M2 Credits for this unaccredited educational program.

www.cfpc.ca/Mainpro_M2

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A thorough discussion regarding the irreversibility of penile implants is strongly recommended with the patient before proceeding.
Inflatable penile prosthetics avoid the effect of the constant erection created by malleable implants.
Partner satisfaction is highest with the inflatable penile prosthesis.
The inflatable penile prosthesis is the most preferred among men.
Adverse events/complications associated with SNM use include: pain at the implantation site, lead migration, wound-related complications, bowel dysfunction, infection, and generator problems.
Postoperative outcomes can be improved with detailed counseling in regards to modifiable risk factors, such as achieving appropriate glycemic control.
Candidates for revascularization therapy should be carefully selected, with those who are younger and have sustained pelvic trauma having the best outcomes.
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JCCC 2016 Issue 5

Table of Contents

Connecting the Spots: Hyperpigmented Lesions in Children

Teaser: 

Lisa M. Flegel,1 Joseph M. Lam, MD, FRCSC,2

1Medical Degree Undergraduate Program, Northern Medical Program, University of British Columbia, BC.
2Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics and Dermatology, University of British Columbia, BC.

CLINICAL TOOLS

Abstract: Hyperpigmented lesions are common in the pediatric population and identifying their etiologies can be challenging for physicians. Patients and caregivers may worry that hyperpigmented lesions are dangerous, associated with an internal illness or that they may lead to skin cancers. Having a better understanding of the causes and natural histories of these lesions may help to guide management and alleviate worry. This review article will provide an overview of select common and uncommon causes of hyperpigmented skin lesions in children.
Key Words: hyperpigmentation, pediatric.
1. Most hyperpigmented lesions in children do not require treatment aside from for cosmesis.
2. Features of malignant melanoma in children include: non-pigmented, uniform color, variable diameter, nodular lesions, and occurring de novo.
3. Parents and children should be warned that melanocytic nevi will grow as their child grows, but growth should be proportionate.
4. The risk of melanocytic nevi becoming malignant melanoma in children is very small.
In children with numerous melanocytic nevi, a good rule of thumb is to look for the 'ugly duckling' mole.
To track lesions over time, parents can develop a routine of taking a picture each year on the child's birthday.
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Interventional Radiology Procedures for Chronic Low Back Pain

Teaser: 

Dr. Ted Findlay, D.O., CCFP,1 Amar Suchak, MD, FRCP(C), 2

1is a Clinical Assistant Professor in the Department of Medicine at the University of Calgary. He is also in a Private Family Medicine practice. In addition he is on Medical Staff at Alberta Health Services, Calgary Zone in Calgary, Alberta.
2Clinical Assistant Professor Department of Radiology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.

CLINICAL TOOLS

Abstract: There is an increasing availability and clinical use of interventional radiological techniques for patients with low back pain. This can be a valuable additional tool in the management of low back pain that has not responded to conservative treatment. However, the clinical indications and appropriate uses as well as cautions that apply to this treatment modality are in many cases less well understood by the primary care practitioner. The objective of this article is to review clinical scenarios in which these procedures are commonly considered, as well as their limitations. The field of interventional radiology is one that is rapidly evolving and an area of active clinical research. It is important for the primary care practitioner to have a basic understanding of the current state of the art in order to have an informed discussion with their patients who may be seeking advice on this treatment option.
Key Words: Low back pain; treatment; interventional radiology definitions; interventional radiology indications; interventional radiology complications.

Members of the College of Family Physicians of Canada may claim MAINPRO-M2 Credits for this unaccredited educational program.

www.cfpc.ca/Mainpro_M2

You can take quizzes without subscribing; however, your results will not be stored. Subscribers will have access to their quiz results for future reference.

1. In patients carefully selected by clinical and radiological examination, there can be satisfying clinical gains from the use of currently available interventional radiologic procedures.
2. One must not assume that abnormal findings on radiologic imaging immediately explains the anatomical cause of a patient's low back pain; a corresponding accurate history and physical examination is ideal prior to commencing injections.
3. When successful, the gains from radiological interventions should be considered one portion of a broader clinical treatment plan, rather than the entire plan of management.
4. Unsuccessful interventional procedures should not be repeated.
1. Do not apply repeated interventional procedures with an expectation that one of them will find the target source of the patient's low back pain.
2. Although they may be uncommon, interventional radiology risks can occur and the referring physician should be cognizant of these dangers that accumulate with repeated interventions.
To have access to full article that these tools were developed for, please subscribe. The cost to subscribe is $80 USD per year and you will gain full access to all the premium content on www.healthplexus.net, an educational portal, that hosts 1000s of clinical reviews, case studies, educational visual aids and more as well as within the mobile app.

Dealing with Family Strife

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One always hopes that as medical practitioners, we will be able to focus our attention on the medical issues faced by seniors and help families cope with the fears, disappointments and tragedies that are faced by loved ones in the midst of what are often life-altering illnesses.

Throughout our initial medical training, and most often during post-graduate training programs, the primary focus in general is: what is the "best of medicine" and what does "evidence-based medicine" tell us about treatment decisions and their ultimate impact on health, well-being and, often, the likelihood of death? This is particularly the case in the care of the older adult—whether in geriatric medicine or eldercare.

What is often surprising and baffling, especially to younger physicians, is the situation where the core of what appears to be the challenge in care provision is negatively tinged by what might be called family "strife." At times, however, a more appropriate term would be venomous, hateful actions—actions that ultimately will be destructive to the family fabric.

This should not be surprising to anyone who has even a modest understanding and familiarity with the world of literature—whether limited to English works, or more broadly including European or other literature.

Those medical trainees who have worked with me have in all likelihood heard me either seriously or humorously say, "If I were king, all first degrees would be in English literature." Or when there is a complex family dynamic playing out, I might say, "It's King Lear—if you have not read it ever or lately, read it or read it again—it's all there."
Sometimes I feel like that great American comic Jimmy Durante, who was quoted as saying, "I have a million of them, a million of them," referring to his often delectable jokes. According to an online biographical history, it has been said that "I've got a million of 'em" is what Durante (1893-1980) often said after telling a corny joke. Durante was credited with "I've got a million of 'em" in a 1929 newspaper story.

I say this when referring to complex family situations in which what appears to be the worst in human interactions seems to be playing out. Often the issue is related to money (or property), and if one is in a position to hear the story from all the parties, it often becomes clear that, for whatever reason, the pot has come to a boil at this juncture of life. This is usually because the flame heating the water that's not boiling has been on for what appears to have been many years.

Most of us know of such stories, hopefully not in our own families, but it is unlikely that there is a family who is not familiar with a "Lear-like" scenario in someone close to them. Greed, jealousy, hurtful memories, mean-spirited personalities, events that occurred—sometimes decades earlier—that were never resolved or left indelible scars are often the reasons cited for the enmity.

I have had the good fortune to observe that, on some occasions, especially when a parent, in particular, is dying, though it could be another relative, there is the possibility of repairing longheld animosities and bringing long-estranged family members back together. It does not always succeed, but I have witnessed the monumental efforts of health-care staff—especially those in social work, nursing and medicine, although any and all of the health-care staff can be key—in bridging the emotional moat that often separates family members.

It may not always work, but I believe it is always worth the effort. Living with the result of lifelong family strife is often disabling, and the scars that occur and that are left can have long-lasting negative effects on people's lives and their own abilities to have meaningful and binding relationships with their siblings and offspring.

This article was originally published online at http://www.cjnews.com/perspectives/opinions/dealing-family-strife